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Parity is for farmers.

Seymour Cray [when he was told that the Cray-1 memory system, which did not have parity checking, was malfunctioning at Los Alamos due to the altitude.]

TOP500 List - June 1997 (1-100)

R_max and R_peak values are in GFlops. For more details about other fields, check the TOP500 description.

Rank	Site	Computer	Cores	Year	R_max	R_peak
1	Sandia National Laboratories United States	ASCI Red Intel	7264	1997	1068	1453
2	Center for Computational Science, University of Tsukuba Japan	CP-PACS/2048 Hitachi/Tsukuba	2048	1996	368.2	614.4
3	National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan Japan	Numerical Wind Tunnel Fujitsu	167	1996	229	281.26
4	University of Tokyo Japan	SR2201/1024 Hitachi	1024	1996	220.4	307.2
5	Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) Germany	T3E Cray Inc.	512	1996	176	307.2
6	Government United States	T3E Cray Inc.	512	1997	176	307.2
7	Max-Planck-Gesellschaft MPI/IPP Germany	T3E Cray Inc.	512	1997	176	307.2
8	NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center United States	T3E Cray Inc.	512	1996	176	307.2
9	Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center United States	T3E Cray Inc.	512	1996	176	307.2
10	Universitaet Stuttgart Germany	T3E Cray Inc.	512	1996	176	307.2
11	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory United States	SP P2SC 120 MHz IBM	472	1997	151.8	226.56
12	Sandia National Laboratories United States	XP/S140 Intel	3680	1993	143.4	184
13	Minnesota Supercomputer Center United States	T3E900 Cray Inc.	256	1997	138.7	230.4
14	Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) United States	T3E900 Cray Inc.	256	1997	138.7	230.4
15	Oak Ridge National Laboratory United States	XP/S-MP 150 Intel	3072	1995	127.1	154
16	Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) France	T3E750 Cray Inc.	256	1997	115.5	192
17	Kyushu University Japan	VPP700/56 Fujitsu	56	1996	110	123.2
18	National Lab. for High Energy Physics Japan	VPP500/80 Fujitsu	80	1994	109	128
19	Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Japan	XP/S-MP 125 Intel	2502	1996	103.5	125.1
20	Government United States	T3D MC1024-8 Cray Inc.	1024	1994	100.5	153.6
21	ECMWF United Kingdom	VPP700/46 Fujitsu	46	1996	94.3	101.2
22	CNRS/IDRIS France	T3E Cray Inc.	256	1996	93.2	153.6
23	Cray Research United States	T3E Cray Inc.	256	1997	93.2	153.6
24	ERDC MSRC United States	T3E Cray Inc.	256	1996	93.2	153.6
25	UCSD/San Diego Supercomputer Center United States	T3E Cray Inc.	256	1996	93.2	153.6
26	Cornell Theory Center United States	SP2/512 IBM	512	1994	88.4	136.19
27	CSC (Center for Scientific Computing) Finland	T3E750 Cray Inc.	192	1996	86.6	144
28	ERDC MSRC United States	SP P2SC 135 MHz IBM	256	1997	83.37	138.24
29	Wright-Patterson Air Force Base/DoD ASC United States	SP P2SC 135 MHz IBM	256	1997	83.37	138.24
30	IBM United States	SP P2SC 120 MHz IBM	256	1997	83.37	122.88
31	Government Agency United States	T3E Cray Inc.	200	1997	74.4	120
32	Leibniz Rechenzentrum Germany	VPP700/34 Fujitsu	34	1997	71.1	74.8
33	KISTI Supercomputing Center Korea, South	T3E900 Cray Inc.	128	1997	69.3	115.2
34	University of Edinburgh United Kingdom	T3E900 Cray Inc.	128	1997	69.3	115.2
35	Maui High-Performance Computing Center (MHPCC) United States	SP2/384 IBM	384	1994	66.3	102.14
36	ZIB/Konrad Zuse-Zentrum fuer Informationstechnik Germany	T3E750 Cray Inc.	136	1997	61.3	102
37	NERSC/LBNL United States	T3E Cray Inc.	160	1997	61.1	96
38	HWW/Universitaet Stuttgart Germany	SX-4/32 NEC	32	1996	60.6	64
39	NEC Fuchu Plant Japan	SX-4/32 NEC	32	1995	60.6	64
40	National Institute for Environmental Studies Japan	SX-4/32 NEC	32	1997	60.6	64
41	Osaka University Japan	SX-4/32 NEC	32	1996	60.6	64
42	Osaka University Japan	SX-4/32 NEC	32	1996	60.6	64
43	Los Alamos National Laboratory United States	CM-5/1056 Thinking Machines Corporation	1056	1993	59.7	135.17
44	Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Japan	VPP500/42 Fujitsu	42	1994	59.6	67.2
45	Nagoya University Japan	VPP500/42 Fujitsu	42	1995	59.6	67.2
46	Real World Computing (RWCP) Japan	SR2201/256 Hitachi	256	1997	58.68	76.8
47	National Institute of Genetics Japan	VPP500/40 Fujitsu	40	1995	56.9	64
48	University of Tokyo/Institute for Solid State Physics Japan	VPP500/40 Fujitsu	40	1994	56.9	64
49	National Supercomputer Centre (NSC) Sweden	T3E Cray Inc.	184	1996	55.7	110.4
50	Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) France	T3E Cray Inc.	136	1996	53.1	81.6
51	Minnesota Supercomputer Center United States	CM-5/896 Thinking Machines Corporation	896	1994	52.3	114.7
52	Los Alamos National Laboratory United States	T3D MC512-8 Cray Inc.	512	1994	50.8	76.8
53	Network Computing Services, Inc. United States	T3D MC512-8 Cray Inc.	512	1995	50.8	76.8
54	Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center United States	T3D MC512-8 Cray Inc.	512	1994	50.8	76.8
55	University of Edinburgh United Kingdom	T3D MC512-8 Cray Inc.	512	1996	50.8	76.8
56	CINECA Italy	T3E Cray Inc.	128	1996	50.4	76.8
57	Japan Adv. Inst. of Science and Technology (JAIST) Japan	T3E Cray Inc.	128	1997	50.4	76.8
58	NRI for Earth Science and Disaster (NIED) Japan	T3E Cray Inc.	128	1997	50.4	76.8
59	National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan Japan	SX-4/25 NEC	25	1997	47.55	50
60	The Angstrom Technology Partnership Japan	VPP500/32 Fujitsu	32	1993	46.1	51.2
61	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States	SP2/256 IBM	256	1996	44.2	68.09
62	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States	SP2/256 IBM	256	1996	44.2	68.09
63	Scientific Supercomputing Center Karlsruhe Germany	SP2/256 IBM	256	1997	44.2	68.09
64	Institute of Physical and Chemical Res. (RIKEN) Japan	VPP500/28 Fujitsu	28	1993	40.4	44.8
65	Japan Marine Science and Technology Japan	SX-4/20 NEC	20	1995	38.195	40
66	National Research Institute for Metals Japan	SX-4/20 NEC	20	1996	38.195	40
67	Toyota Central Research & Development Japan	SX-4/20 NEC	20	1996	38.195	40
68	Phillips Petroleum Company United States	T3E900 Cray Inc.	64	1997	34.8	57.6
69	Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway	T3E Cray Inc.	88	1997	34.6	52.8
70	University of Alaska - ARSC United States	T3E Cray Inc.	88	1997	34.6	52.8
71	Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Japan	VPP300/16 Fujitsu	16	1996	34.1	35.2
72	Japan Science and Technology Japan	VPP300/16 Fujitsu	16	1996	34.1	35.2
73	Reactor & Nuclear Fuel Development Japan	VPP300/16 Fujitsu	16	1996	34.1	35.2
74	Scientific Supercomputing Center Karlsruhe Germany	VPP300/16 Fujitsu	16	1997	34.1	35.2
75	Air Force Research Laboratory/Information Director United States	XP/S-MP 41 Intel	816	1995	33.7	40.8
76	Argonne National Laboratory United States	SP P2SC 120 MHz IBM	94	1996	32.05	45.12
77	The Scripps Research Institute United States	T3E Cray Inc.	80	1997	31.5	48
78	Atmospheric Environment Service (AES) Canada	SX-4/16 NEC	16	1995	30.71	32
79	Danish Meteorological Institute Denmark	SX-4/16 NEC	16	1997	30.71	32
80	National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) Netherlands	SX-4/16 NEC	16	1996	30.71	32
81	National Cardiovascular Center Japan	SX-4/16 NEC	16	1996	30.71	32
82	Swiss Scientific Computing Center (CSCS) Switzerland	SX-4/16 NEC	16	1996	30.71	32
83	National Security Agency United States	CM-5/512 Thinking Machines Corporation	512	1993	30.4	65.54
84	Government United States	T932/321024 Cray Inc.	32	1996	29.36	57.6
85	Government United States	T932/321024 Cray Inc.	32	1997	29.36	57.6
86	NRI for Earth Science and Disaster (NIED) Japan	T932/321024 Cray Inc.	32	1997	29.36	57.6
87	Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) Japan	T932/321024 Cray Inc.	32	1995	29.36	57.6
88	NASA/Ames Research Center/NAS United States	SP2/160 IBM	160	1994	28.7	42.56
89	Hitachi Ltd. Enterprise Server Division Japan	S-3800/480 Hitachi	4	1994	28.4	32
90	Japan Meteorological Agency Japan	S-3800/480 Hitachi	4	1995	28.4	32
91	University of Tokyo Japan	S-3800/480 Hitachi	4	1993	28.4	32
92	Australian National University Australia	VPP300/13 Fujitsu	13	1996	27.7	28.6
93	Ford Motor Company United States	T932/241024 Cray Inc.	24	1996	26.17	43.2
94	Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Japan	VPP300/12 Fujitsu	12	1996	25.6	26.4
95	Bear Stearns United States	T3D MC256-8/464 Cray Inc.	256	1996	25.3	38.4
96	Caltech/JPL United States	T3D SC256-8/264 Cray Inc.	256	1994	25.3	38.4
97	Defense Research Agency (DRA) United Kingdom	T3D MC256-8 Cray Inc.	256	1994	25.3	38.4
98	Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Switzerland	T3D MC256-8 Cray Inc.	256	1994	25.3	38.4
99	NERSC/LLNL United States	T3D SC256-8/364 Cray Inc.	256	1994	25.3	38.4
100	Petroleum Company (A) United States	T3D MC256-8 Cray Inc.	256	1995	25.3	38.4

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TOP500 List - June 1997 (1-100)